Blood and Fire: Visual Explorations of Post-Conflict El Salvador Environment and Society
Osmín Rodrigo Hernández, M.A.
In Blood and Fire, Hernández explores how a Post-Conflict
Salvadoran society—following more than four decades of tumultuous and extreme
violence—adjusts to a new regime change that ushered relative social and
political ‘stability.’ From a diasporic perspective, Hernández seeks to exhume
what it means to be Salvadorian, a culture and notion that has been long contested over its meaning. Hernández documents the quotidian life of Salvadorans
living under Martial law (Régimen de excepción), that the Nayib Bukele regime
implemented shortly following a considerable spike in homicides amid the COVID-19
Pandemic (March 2022- Present). The ley de excepción suspended fundamental constitutional
rights for Salvadorans, along with unfastening the doors for arbitrary state
apprehensions and clandestine state-sanctioned violence. The ley contributed to
building a maximum-security prison that houses up to 80,000 inmates (or close
to 1 percent of the country’s population). Although initially used as a
temporary measure to combating gang violence and restoring state hegemony
throughout the country, martial law remains enacted to the present day.
Despite decades of state-sanctioned
violence and repression against the civilian population, the country has not
reconciled with its melancholic and volatile past. Hernández attempts to contextualize
the historical memory and strives to reconstruct utilizing multifaceted visual
landscapes to the viewer through rural and urban backdrops. Despite a growing
international interest for tourism after decades of conflict, Hernández
explores the challenges in the unregulated tourism industry is quickly
leaving behind the marginalized communities along la Costa del Bálsamo(Balsam Coast) region and throughout the country. Further contributing to the
challenges, a newly establishing and expanding cryptocurrency elite class,
composed primarily of U.S., Canadian, and other Global North settlers, have established
in these coastal communities of the small Central American republic. These
added intangible stressors interpose to the ever-growing wealth disparity, where
the minimum wage is roughly $17 USD a day. In the mountainous country the size of New
Jersey, with one of the highest population densities in the Western Hemisphere, these
stressors contribute to a growing demand and competition for natural resources
and spaces. The rapidly encroaching displacement and growing extreme poverty continue
to permeate Salvadoran society along with arrivals of deportees from the United
States who seek to reestablish themselves back into a post-conflict society.